一些linux/Ubuntu常用命令

 · 1 min read
 · a_puffer

创建用户:useradd testuser

设置密码:passwd testuser

删除用户:userdel -rf testuser

查看当前路径:pwd


设置HWC时间:

hwclock --systohc hwclock --hctosys


同步网络时间:ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com


替代du的磁盘空间分析ncdu: sudo apt install ncdu


tar解压缩安装: tar xf [filename]


make:

./configure 
make 
sudo make install

开放端口tcp UDP:

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT


TUI web浏览器: sudo apt install links //替代browsh


//查看端口占用

//LISTENING并不表示端口被占用,不要和LISTEN混淆,查看具体端口时候,必须要看到tcp,端口号,LISTEN那一行,才表示端口被占用了

netstat -anp |grep {port}

netstat -nultp


nohup caddy -conf /root/caddy/Caddyfile & //挂起执行caddy,默认输出到nohup.out

ps -ef | grep caddy //通过程序名查程序是否在运行以及其占用的PID

kill -9 {PID} //终止进程


fish: sudo apt install fish //配置文件位置 ~/.config/fish/config.fish

whereis fish

chsh -s /usr/bin/fish //将默认 shell 更改为 fish shell

echo /usr/bin/fish | sudo tee -a /etc/shells //验证 Fish是否已添加到 /etc/shells 目录中

chsh -s /bin/bash //改回bash

sudo chsh -s /bin/bash pi //pi用户改回bash


sudo apt install tldr //精简化man手册


多路复用ssh窗口替代tmux或者byobu ternimator:

sudo apt install terminator

//horizontal split: Ctrl-Shift-o

//vertical split: Ctrl-Shift-e

//Shift focus to:next terminal: Ctrl-Shift-n previous terminal: Ctrl-Shift-p

//Close terminal or tab:Ctrl-Shift-w

//Close window with all it's terminals and tabs: trl-Shift-q


alias:

alias//列出现有Alias

unalias test

alias test='ls -al'

source ~/.bashrc //source 配置文件来刷新配置更改

Bash: ~/.bashrc

ZSH: ~/.zshrc

fish: ~/.config/fish/config.fish

//shell的配置文件,并将Alias添加到文件末尾


cron:

30 21 * * * /usr/local/etc/rc.d/lighttpd restart //每晚21点30重启apache

10 1 * * 6,0 /usr/local/etc/rc.d/lighttpd restart //每周六、周日的1 : 10重启apache

crontab -l //列出计划任务

/etc/init.d/cron restart //重启生效